Essential Dominant Scales For Guitar - Shapes And Short Video

1 - Mixolydian Mode

The Mixolydian mode is a musical scale derived from the major scale, distinguished by a lowered seventh degree.

It has a bright and slightly bluesy sound, making it popular in rock, jazz, and folk music.

Formula (intervals):

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ♭7

For example, the A Mixolydian mode consists of the following notes:

A, B, C♯, D, E, F♯, G

The lowered seventh gives it a less resolved, more open feel compared to the major scale, often used for creating a relaxed or groovy atmosphere.

2 - Mixolydian b9

The Mixolydian ♭9 mode is a variation of the Mixolydian mode that features a flattened second degree (♭9).

It is often used in jazz and fusion to create a more exotic or tense sound.

Formula (intervals):

1, ♭2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ♭7

For example, in A Mixolydian ♭9, the notes are: A, B♭, C♯, D, E, F♯, G

This mode is derived from the fifth mode of the harmonic major scale and is ideal for use over dominant chords with added tension, like A7♭9.

3 - Mixolydian b13

The Mixolydian ♭13 mode is a variant of the Mixolydian mode that features a flattened sixth degree (♭13).

It creates a rich, slightly dark tension, often used in jazz, fusion, and contemporary music styles.

Formula (intervals):

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ♭6, ♭7

For example, in A Mixolydian ♭13, the notes are: A, B, C♯, D, E, F, G

This mode is derived from the fifth mode of the melodic minor scale and is typically played over dominant chords with a ♭13 extension, like A7♭13, to add color and tension.

4 - Phrygian Dominant

The Phrygian Dominant mode is a Middle Eastern or Spanish-flavored scale, commonly used in flamenco, classical, and jazz music.

It is characterized by a minor second (♭2), a major third (3), and a dominant (♭7) sound.

Formula (intervals):

1, ♭2, 3, 4, 5, ♭6, ♭7

For example, in A Phrygian Dominant, the notes are:
A, B♭, C♯, D, E, F, G

This mode is derived from the fifth mode of the harmonic minor scale and is often used over dominant chords in minor key contexts (e.g., A7 or A7♭9,♭13) to add an exotic or dramatic flair.

5 - Lydian Dominant

The Lydian Dominant mode is a bright and colorful scale, blending the sharpness of the Lydian mode (with a raised 4th) and the bluesy feel of the dominant scale (with a flat 7th).

It is widely used in jazz, fusion, and funk to create tension and resolution over dominant chords.

Formula (intervals):

1, 2, 3, ♯4, 5, 6, ♭7

For example, in A Lydian Dominant, the notes are:
A, B, C♯, D♯, E, F♯, G

This mode is derived from the fourth mode of the melodic minor scale and is commonly used over dominant chords with altered or extended qualities, like A7♯11, to produce a sophisticated, modern sound.

6 - Dominant Bebop

The Dominant Bebop scale is an eight-note scale (octatonic) commonly used in jazz.

It adds a chromatic passing tone between the flat seventh (♭7) and the root to create a smooth, flowing melodic line over dominant chords.

Formula (intervals):

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ♭7, 7

For example, in A Dominant Bebop, the notes are:
A, B, C♯, D, E, F♯, G, G♯

Characteristics:

The added major seventh (natural 7) creates a seamless connection to the root, making it easy to navigate chord changes and resolve lines effectively.

It’s typically played over dominant 7th chords (e.g., A7) to emphasize swing and rhythmic phrasing.

Essential for bebop improvisation, providing a blend of tension (chromaticism) and resolution.

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